UAS have transformed bridge inspections by providing high-resolution imaging, thermal data, and 3D modeling capabilities. They eliminate the need for heavy equipment, scaffolding, or lane closures, and reduce risk to human inspectors.

  • ections Using Drones

    1. Pre-Inspection Planning

      • Site Assessment: Conduct a preliminary assessment of the bridge to determine its structure, access points, and surrounding environment.

      • Regulatory Compliance:

        • Obtain necessary waivers or permissions from the FAA, especially if the bridge is in controlled airspace.

        • Ensure compliance with Part 107 regulations (or BVLOS waivers if needed).

      • Mission Planning:

        • Identify the areas of interest (deck, joints, supports, cables, etc.).

        • Program flight paths and waypoints to ensure comprehensive coverage.

        • Define inspection goals (e.g., visual damage, thermal irregularities, 3D modeling).

    2. Drone Selection and Sensor Configuration

      • Drone Type: Use industrial-grade drones such as the DJI Matrice series, Skydio, or Freefly Alta.

      • Payload Options:

        • High-resolution cameras (20MP or more).

        • Thermal sensors for detecting heat anomalies.

        • LiDAR for 3D modeling of bridge surfaces.

        • Zoom cameras for close-up inspections of hard-to-reach areas.

    3. On-Site Preparation

      • Conduct pre-flight checks (battery levels, sensor calibration, weather conditions).

      • Establish a safe operating area.

      • Set up GPS references or RTK systems for enhanced accuracy.

    4. Data Collection

      • Fly predetermined routes to capture high-resolution images or video of critical components.

      • Utilize orbit and waypoint modes for thorough scans.

      • Inspect areas such as the deck, supports, cables, joints, and bearings.

    5. Post-Processing

      • Use photogrammetry software (Pix4D, DroneDeploy) to create 2D maps or 3D models.

      • Analyze thermal images for heat-related anomalies.

      • Compile findings into a comprehensive report with visuals and data points.

    6. Reporting and Analysis

      • Compare collected data against engineering standards.

      • Highlight damage, corrosion, cracks, and misalignments.

      • Provide actionable recommendations for maintenance or repair.

    1. Deck and Pavement

      • Inspect for cracking, spalling, and delamination.

      • Assess skid resistance and surface integrity.

    2. Superstructure

      • Inspect girders, beams, and trusses for structural integrity.

      • Check connections, welds, and bolted joints.

    3. Substructure

      • Evaluate piers, columns, and abutments for signs of scour, cracking, or settlement.

    4. Bearings and Expansion Joints

      • Look for wear, corrosion, and misalignment in these critical load transfer components.

    5. Cables (for suspension and cable-stayed bridges)

      • Assess tension cables for wear, corrosion, and strand damage.

    6. Underside of the Bridge

      • Inspect soffits, arches, and hard-to-reach areas where traditional inspections may be challenging.

    7. Drainage Systems

      • Check for blockages or inadequate water flow that can lead to structural issues.

    • Increased Safety: Eliminates the need for inspectors to access dangerous locations.

    • Cost Efficiency: Reduces equipment and labor costs by minimizing the use of scaffolding, lifts, or rope access.

    • Time Savings: Drones can inspect large bridges in hours rather than days.

    • Enhanced Accuracy: High-resolution imagery and 3D models improve defect detection.

    • Data Archiving: Captured data can be stored and referenced for future inspections.